Sri Krishna Madbhagavatam
11. Killing the Demons Vatsāsura
and Bakāsura
When the twin arjuna trees fell to the ground,
making a sound like the falling of thunderbolts, all the inhabitants of Gokula,
including Nanda Mahārāja, immediately came to the spot. They were very much
astonished to see how the two great trees had suddenly fallen. Because they
could find no reason for their falling down, they were puzzled. When they saw
child Kṛṣṇa
bound up to the wooden mortar by the ropes of Yaśodā, they began to think that
it must have been caused by some demon. Otherwise, how was it possible? At the
same time, they were very much perturbed because such uncommon incidences were
always happening to the child Kṛṣṇa. While the elderly cowherd men were thus
contemplating, the small children who were playing there informed the men that
the trees fell due to Kṛṣṇa's
pulling the wooden mortar with the ropes to which He was bound. "Kṛṣṇa came in
between the two trees," they explained, "and the wooden mortar was
topsy-turvied and stuck in between the trees. Kṛṣṇa began to pull the rope, and the trees fell down.
When the trees fell down, two very dazzling men came out of the trees, and they
began to talk to Kṛṣṇa."Most of the cowherd men did not believe the statement of the children. They could not believe that such things were at all possible. Some of the them, however, believed them and told Nanda Mahārāja, "Your child is different from all other children. He just might have done it." Nanda Mahārāja began to smile, hearing about the extraordinary abilities of his son. He came forward and untied the knot just to free his wonderful child. After being freed by Nanda Mahārāja, Kṛṣṇa was taken onto the laps of the elderly gopīs. They took Him away to the courtyard of the house and began to clap, praising His wonderful activities. Kṛṣṇa began to clap along with them, just like an ordinary child. The Supreme Lord Kṛṣṇa, being completely controlled by the gopīs, began to sing and dance, just like a puppet in their hands.
Sometimes mother Yaśodā used to ask Kṛṣṇa to bring her a wooden plank for sitting. Although
the wooden plank was too heavy to be carried by a child, still somehow or other
Kṛṣṇa would bring it to His mother. Sometimes while
worshiping Nārāyaṇa, His father would ask Him to bring his wooden
slippers, and Kṛṣṇa, with great difficulty, would put the slippers on
His head and bring them to His father. When He was asked to lift some heavy
article and was unable to lift it, He would simply move His arms. In this way,
daily, at every moment, He was the reservoir of all pleasure to His parents.
The Lord was exhibiting such childish ativities before the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana
because He wanted to show the great philosophers and sages searching after the
Absolute Truth how the Supreme Absolute Truth Personality of Godhead is
controlled by and subject to the desires of His pure devotees.
One day, a fruit vendor came before the
house of Nanda Mahārāja. Upon hearing the vendor call, "If anyone wants
fruits please come and take them from me!" child Kṛṣṇa immediately took some grains in His palm and went
to get fruits in exchange. In those days exchange was by barter; therefore Kṛṣṇa might have seen His parents exchange fruits and
other things by bartering grains, and so He imitated. But His palms were very
small, and He was not very careful to hold them tight, so He was dropping the
grains. The vendor who came to sell fruits saw this and was very much
captivated by the beauty of the Lord, so he immediately accepted whatever few
grains were left in His palm and filled His hands with fruits. In the meantime,
the vendor saw that his whole basket of fruit had become filled with jewels.
The Lord is the bestower of all benediction. If someone gives something to the
Lord, he is not the loser; he is the gainer by a million times.
As soon as Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma heard that Nanda Mahārāja was waiting for Them and could not take his food in Their absence, They started to return. Their other playmates complained, "Kṛṣṇa is leaving us just at the point when our playing is at the summit. Next time we shall not allow Him to leave."
His playmates then threatened not to allow Him to play with them again. Kṛṣṇa became afraid, and instead of going back home, He went back again to play with the boys. At that time, mother Yaśodā scolded the children and told Kṛṣṇa, "My dear Kṛṣṇa, do You think that You are a street boy? You have no home? Please come back to Your home! I see that Your body has become very dirty from playing since early morning. Now come home and take Your bath. Besides, today is Your birthday ceremony; therefore You should come back home and give cows in charity to the brāhmaṇas. Don't You see how Your playmates are decorated with ornaments by their mothers? You should also be cleansed and decorated with nice dress and ornaments. Please, therefore, come back, take Your bath, dress Yourself nicely, and then again You may go on playing."
In this way mother Yaśodā called back Lord Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma who are worshipable by great demigods like Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva. She was thinking of Them as her children.
When mother Yaśodā's children, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, came home, she bathed Them very nicely and dressed Them with ornaments. She then called for the brāhmaṇas, and through her children she gave many cows in charity for the occasion of Kṛṣṇa's birthday. In this way she performed the birthday ceremony of Kṛṣṇa at home.
After this incident, all the elderly
members of the cowherd men assembled together, and Nanda Mahārāja presided.
They began to consult amongst themselves how to stop great disturbances in the
Mahāvana on account of the demons. In this meeting, Upananda, brother of Nanda
Mahārāja, was present. He was considered to be learned and experienced, and he
was a well-wisher of Kṛṣṇa
and Balarāma. He was a leader, and he began to address the meeting as follows:
"My dear friends! Now we should leave here for another place because we
are continually finding that great demons are coming here to disturb the
peaceful situation, and they are especially attempting to kill the small
children. Just consider Pūtanā and Kṛṣṇa. It was simply by the grace of Lord Hari that Kṛṣṇa was saved from
the hands of such a great demon. Next the whirlwind demon took Kṛṣṇa away in the
sky, but by the grace of Lord Hari He was saved, and the demon fell down on a
stone slab and died. Very recently, this child was playing between two trees,
and the trees fell down violently, and yet there was no injury to the child. So
Lord Hari saved Him again. Just imagine the calamity if this child or any other
child playing with Him were crushed by the falling trees! Considering all these
incidences, we must conclude that this place is no longer safe. Let us leave.
We have all been saved from different calamities by the grace of Lord Hari. Now
we should be cautious and leave this place and reside somewhere where we can
live peacefully. I think that we should all go to the forest known as Vṛndāvana, where
just now there are newly grown plants and herbs. It is very suitable for
pasturing ground for our cows, and we and our families, the gopīs with their
children, can very peacefully live there. Near Vṛndāvana there is Govardhana Hill, which is very
beautiful, and there is newly grown grass and fodder for the animals, so there
will be no difficulty in living there. I therefore suggest that we start
immediately for that beautiful place, as there is no need to waste any more
time. Let us prepare all our carts immediately, and, if you like, let us go,
keeping all the cows in front."
On hearing the statement of Upananda,
all the cowherd men immediately agreed. "Let us immediately go
there." Everyone then loaded all their household furniture and utensils on
the carts and prepared to go to Vṛndāvana. All the old men of the village, the
children and women were arranged on seats, and the cowherd men equipped
themselves with bows and arrows to follow the carts. All the cows and bulls
along with their calves were placed in the front, and the men surrounded the
flocks with their bows and arrows and began to blow on their horns and bugles.
In this way, with tumultuous sound, they started for Vṛndāvana.
And who can describe the damsels of
Vraja? They were all seated on the carts and were very beautifully dressed with
ornaments and costly saris. They began to chant the pastimes of child Kṛṣṇa as usual.
Mother Yaśodā and mother Rohiṇī were seated on a separate cart, and Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma
were seated on their laps. While mother Rohiṇī and Yaśodā were riding on the cart, they talked
to Kṛṣṇa
and Balarāma, and feeling the pleasure of such talks, they looked very, very
beautiful.
In this way, after reaching Vṛndāvana, where
everyone lives eternally, very peacefully and happily, they encircled Vṛndāvana and kept
the carts all together. After seeing the beautiful appearance of Govardhana on
the bank of the river Yamunā, they began to construct their places of
residence. While those of the same age were walking together and children were
talking with their parents, the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana felt very happy.
Once, when Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma were playing on the bank of the Yamunā, a demon of the name Vatsāsura assumed the shape of a calf and came there intending to kill the brothers. By taking the shape of a calf, the demon could mingle with other calves. Kṛṣṇa, however, specifically noticed this, and He immediately told Balarāma about the entrance of the demon. Both brothers then followed him and sneaked up upon him. Kṛṣṇa caught hold of the demon-calf by the two hind legs and tail, whipped him around very forcibly and threw him up into a tree. The demon lost his life and fell down from the top of the tree to the ground. When the demon lay dead on the ground, all the playmates of Kṛṣṇa congratulated Him, "Well done, well done," and the demigods in the sky began to shower flowers with great satisfaction. In this way, the maintainers of the complete creation, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, used to take care of the calves in the morning every day, and thus They enjoyed Their childhood pastimes as cowherd boys in Vṛndāvana.
All the cowherd boys would daily go
to the bank of the River Yamunā to water their calves. Usually, when the
calves drank water from the Yamunā, the boys also drank. One day, after
drinking, when they were sitting on the bank of the river, they saw a huge
animal which looked something like a duck and was as big as a hill. Its top
was as strong as a thunderbolt. When they saw that unusual animal, they
became afraid of it. The name of this beast was Bakāsura, and he was a friend
of Kaṁsa's. He appeared on the scene suddenly and
immediately attacked Kṛṣṇa with his pointed, sharp beaks and quickly
swallowed Him up. When Kṛṣṇa
was thus swallowed, all the boys, headed by Balarāma, became almost
breathless, as if they had died. But when the Bakāsura demon was swallowing
up Kṛṣṇa, he felt a burning fiery sensation in his
throat. This was due to the glowing effulgence of Kṛṣṇa. The demon quickly threw Kṛṣṇa up and tried to kill Him by pinching Him in his
beaks. Bakāsura did not know that although Kṛṣṇa
was playing the part of a child of Nanda Mahārāja, He was still the original
father of Lord Brahmā, the creator of the universe. The child of mother
Yaśodā, who is the reservoir of pleasure for the demigods and who is the
maintainer of saintly persons, caught hold of the beaks of the great gigantic
duck and, before His cowherd boy friends, bifurcated his mouth, just as a
child very easily splits a blade of grass. From the sky, the denizens of the
heavenly planets showered flowers like the cāmeli, the most fragrant of all
flowers, as a token of their congratulations. Accompanying the showers of
flowers was a vibration of bugles, drums and conchshells.
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When the boys saw the showering of
flowers and heard the celestial sounds, they became struck with wonder. When
they saw Kṛṣṇa, they all, including Balarāma, were so pleased
that it seemed as if they had regained their very source of life. As soon as
they saw Kṛṣṇa coming towards them, they one after another
embraced the son of Nanda and held Him to their chests. After this, they
assembled all the calves under their charge and began to return home.
When they arrived home, they began to
speak of the wonderful activities of the son of Nanda. When the gopīs and
cowherd men all heard the story from the boys, they felt great happiness
because naturally they loved Kṛṣṇa, and hearing about
His glories and victorious activities, they became still more affectionate
toward Him. Thinking that the child Kṛṣṇa
was saved from the mouth of death, they began to see His face with great love
and affection. They were full of anxieties, but they could not turn their faces
from the vision of Kṛṣṇa. The gopīs and the men began to converse amongst
themselves about how the child Kṛṣṇa
was attacked in so many ways and so many times by so many demons, and yet the
demons were killed and Kṛṣṇa was uninjured. They continued to converse amongst
themselves about how so many great demons in such fierce bodies attacked Kṛṣṇa to kill Him, but by the grace of Hari, they could
not cause even a slight injury. Rather, they died like small flies in a fire.
Thus they remembered the words of Gargamuni who foretold, by dint of his vast
knowledge of the Vedas and astrology, that this boy would be attacked by many
demons. Now they actually saw that this was coming true, word for word.
All the elderly cowherd men, including
Nanda Mahārāja, used to talk of the wonderful activities of Lord Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, and they were always so much
absorbed in those talks that they forgot the threefold miseries of this
material existence. This is the effect of Kṛṣṇa
consciousness. What was enjoyed 5,000 years ago by Nanda Mahārāja can still be
enjoyed by persons who are in Kṛṣṇa consciousness
simply by talking about the transcendental pastimes of Kṛṣṇa and His associates.
Thus both Balarāma and Kṛṣṇa enjoyed Their childhood pastimes, imitating the
monkeys of Lord Rāmacandra who constructed the bridge over the ocean and
Hanumān, who jumped over the water to Ceylon. And They used to imitate such
pastimes among Their friends and so happily passed Their childhood life.
12. The Killing of the Aghāsura Demon
Once the Lord desired to go early in
the morning with all His cowherd boy friends to the forest, where they were
to assemble together and take lunch. As soon as He got up from bed, He blew a
buffalo horn and called all His friends together. Keeping the calves before
them, they started for the forest. In this way, Lord Kṛṣṇa assembled thousands of His boy friends. They
were each equipped with a stick, flute and horn as well as lunch bag, and
each of them was taking care of thousands of calves. All the boys appeared
very jolly and happy in that excursion. Each and every one of them was
attentive for his personal calves. The boys were fully decorated with various
kinds of golden ornaments, and out of sporting propensities they began to
pick up flowers, leaves, twigs, peacock feathers and red clay from different
places in the forest, and they began to dress themselves in different ways.
While passing through the forest, one boy stole another boy's lunch package
and passed it to a third. And when the boy whose lunch package was stolen
came to know of it, he tried to take it back. But one threw it to another
boy. This sportive playing went on amongst the boys as childhood pastimes.
When Lord Kṛṣṇa went ahead to a distant place in order to see
some specific scenery, the boys behind Him tried to run to catch up and be
the first to touch Him. So there was a great competition. One would say,
"I will go there and touch Kṛṣṇa,"
and another would say, "Oh you cannot go. I'll touch Kṛṣṇa first." Some of them played on their
flutes or vibrated bugles made of buffalo horn. Some of them gladly followed
the peacocks and imitated the onomatopoetic sounds of the cuckoo. While the
birds were flying in the sky, the boys ran after the birds' shadows along the
ground and tried to follow their exact courses. Some of them went to the
monkeys and silently sat down by them, and some of them imitated the dancing
of the peacocks. Some of them caught the tails of the monkeys and played with
them, and when the monkeys jumped in a tree, the boys also followed. When a
monkey showed its face and teeth, a boy imitated and showed his teeth to the
monkey. Some of the boys played with the frogs on the bank of the Yamunā, and
when, out of fear, the frogs jumped in the water, the boys immediately dove
in after them, and they would come out of the water when they saw their own
shadows and stand imitating, making caricatures and laughing. They would also
go to an empty well and make loud sounds, and when the echo came back, they
would call it ill names and laugh.
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As stated personally by the Supreme
Personality of Godhead in the Bhagavad-gītā, He is realized proportionately by
transcendentalists as Brahman, Paramātmā and the Supreme Personality of
Godhead. Here, in confirmation of the same statement, Lord Kṛṣṇa, who awards the impersonalist Brahman realization
by His bodily effulgence, also gives pleasure to the devotees as the Supreme
Personality of Godhead. Those who are under the spell of external energy, māyā,
take Him only as a beautiful child. Yet He gave full transcendental pleasure to
the cowherd boys who played with Him. Only after accumulating heaps of pious
activities, those boys were promoted to personally associate with the Supreme
Personality of Godhead. Who can estimate the transcendental fortune of the
residents of Vṛndāvana? They were personally visualizing the
Supreme Personality of Godhead face to face, He whom many yogīs cannot find
even after undergoing severe austerities, although He is sitting within the
heart. This is also confirmed in the Brahma-saṁhitā.
One may search for Kṛṣṇa the Supreme Personality of Godhead through the
pages of the Vedas and Upaniṣads, but if one is
fortunate enough to associate with a devotee, he can see the Supreme
Personality of Godhead face to face. After accumulating pious activities in
many, many previous lives, the cowherd boys were seeing Kṛṣṇa face to face and playing with Him as friends.
They could not understand that Kṛṣṇa
is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but they were playing as intimate
friends with intense love for Him.
When Lord Kṛṣṇa was enjoying
His childhood pastimes with His boy friends, one Aghāsura demon became very
impatient. He was unable to see Kṛṣṇa playing, so he appeared before the boys intending
to kill them all. This Aghāsura was so dangerous that even the denizens of
heaven were afraid of him. Although the denizens of heaven drank nectar daily
to prolong their lives, they were afraid of this Aghāsura and were wondering,
"When will the demon be killed?" The denizens used to drink nectar to
become immortal, but actually they were not confident of their immortality. On
the other hand, the boys who were playing with Kṛṣṇa had no fear of the demons. They were free of
fear. Any material arrangement for protecting oneself from death is always
unsure, but if one is in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, then immortality is confidently
assured.
The demon Aghāsura appeared before Kṛṣṇa and His
friends. Aghāsura happened to be the younger brother of Pūtanā and Bakāsura,
and he thought, "Kṛṣṇa
has killed my brother and sister. Now I shall kill Him along with all His
friends and calves." Aghāsura was instigated by Kaṁsa, so he had
come with determination. Aghāsura also began to think that when he would offer
grains and water in memory of his brother and kill Kṛṣṇa and all the
cowherd boys, then automatically all the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana would
die. Generally, for the householders, the children are the life and breath
force. When all the children die, then naturally the parents also die on
account of strong affection for them.
Aghāsura, thus deciding to kill all the
inhabitants of Vṛndāvana,
expanded himself by the yogic siddhi called mahimā. The demons are generally
expert in achieving almost all kinds of mystic powers. In the yoga system, by
the perfection called mahima-siddhi, one can expand himself as he desires. The
demon Aghāsura expanded himself up to eight miles and assumed the shape of a
very fat serpent. Having attained this wonderful body, he stretched his mouth
open just like a mountain cave. Desiring to swallow all the boys at once,
including Kṛṣṇa
and Balarāma, he sat on the path.
The demon in the shape of a big fat
serpent expanded his lips from land to sky; his lower lip was touching the
ground and his upper lip was touching the clouds. His jaws appeared like a big
mountain cave, without limitation, and his teeth appeared just like mountain
summits. His tongue appeared to be a broad traffic way, and he was breathing
just like a hurricane. The fire of his eyes was blazing. At first the boys
thought that the demon was a statue, but after examining it, they saw that it
was a more like a big serpent lying down in the road and widening his mouth.
The boys began to talk among themselves: "This figure appears to be a
great animal, and he is sitting in such a posture just to swallow us all. Just
see--is it not a big snake that has widened his mouth to eat all of us?"
One of them said, "Yes, what you
say is true. This animal's upper lip appears to be just like the sunshine, and
its lower lip is just like the reflection of red sunshine on the ground. Dear
friends, just look to the right and left hand side of the mouth of the animal.
Its mouth appears to be like a big mountain cave, and its height cannot be
estimated. The chin is also raised just like a mountain summit. That long
highway appears to be its tongue, and inside the mouth it is as dark as in a
mountain cave. The hot wind that is blowing like a hurricane is his breathing,
and the fishy bad smell coming out from his mouth is the smell of his
intestines."
Then they further consulted among
themselves: "If we all at one time entered into the mouth of this great
serpent, how could it possibly swallow all of us? And even if it were to
swallow all of us at once, it could not swallow Kṛṣṇa. Kṛṣṇa will immediately kill him, as He did
Bakāsura." Talking in this way, all the boys looked at the beautiful
lotus-like face of Kṛṣṇa,
and they began to clap and smile. And so they marched forward and entered the
mouth of the gigantic serpent
Kṛṣṇa is the assurance of safety to everyone. But when He saw that His friends were already out of His hands and were lying within the belly of a great serpent. He became, momentarily, aggrieved. He was also struck with wonder how the external energy works so wonderfully. He then began to consider how the demon should be killed and how He could save the boys and calves. Although there was no factual concern on Kṛṣṇa's part, He was thinking like that. Finally, after some deliberation, He also entered the mouth of the demon. When Kṛṣṇa entered, all the demigods, who had gathered to see the fun and who were hiding within the clouds, began to express their feelings with the words, "Alas! alas!" At the same time, all the friends of Aghāsura, especially Kaṁsa, who were all accustomed to eating flesh and blood, began to express their jubilation, understanding that Kṛṣṇa had also entered the mouth of the demon.
While the demon was trying to smash Kṛṣṇa and His companions, Kṛṣṇa heard the demigods crying, "Alas, alas," and He immediately began to expand Himself within the throat of the demon. Although he had a gigantic body, the demon choked by the expanding of Kṛṣṇa. His big eyes moved violently, and he quickly suffocated. His life-air could not come out from any source, and ultimately it burst out of a hole in the upper part of his skull. Thus his life-air passed off. After the demon dropped dead, Kṛṣṇa, with His transcendental glance alone, brought all the boys and calves back to consciousness and came with them out of the mouth of the demon. While Kṛṣṇa was within the mouth of Aghāsura, the demon's spirit soul came out like a dazzling light, illuminating all directions, and waited in the sky. As soon as Kṛṣṇa with His calves and friends came out of the mouth of the demon, that glittering effulgent light immediately merged into the body of Kṛṣṇa within the vision of all the demigods.
The demigods became overwhelmed with joy and began to shower flowers on the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, and thus they worshiped Him. The denizens of heaven began to dance in jubilation, and the denizens in Gandharvaloka began to offer various kinds of prayers. Drummers began to beat drums in jubilation, the brāhmaṇas began to recite Vedic hymns, and all the devotees of the Lord began to chant the words, "Jaya! Jaya! All glories to the Supreme Personality of Godhead!"
When Lord Brahmā heard those auspicious vibrations which sounded throughout the higher planetary system, he immediately came down to see what had happened. He saw that the demon was killed, and he was struck with wonder at the uncommon glorious pastimes of the Personality of Godhead. The gigantic mouth of the demon remained in an open position for many days and gradually dried up; it remained a spot of pleasure pastimes for all the cowherd boys.
The killing of Aghāsura took place when Kṛṣṇa and all His boy friends were under five years old. Children under five years old are called kaumāra. After five years up to the tenth year they are called paugaṇḍa, and after the tenth year up to the fifteenth year they are called kaiśora. After the fifteenth year, boys are called youths. So for one year there was no discussion of the incident of the Aghāsura demon in the village of Vraja. But when they attained their sixth year, they informed their parents of the incident with great wonder. The reason for this will be clear in the next chapter.
For Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is far greater than such demigods as Lord Brahmā, it is not at all difficult to award one the opportunity of merging with His eternal body. This He awarded to Aghāsura. Aghāsura was certainly the most sinful living entity, and it is not possible for the sinful to merge into the existence of the Absolute Truth. But in this particular case, because Kṛṣṇa entered into Aghāsura's body, the demon became fully cleansed of all sinful reaction. Persons constantly thinking of the eternal form of the Lord in the shape of the Deity or in the shape of a mental form are awarded the transcendental goal of entering into the kingdom of God and associating with the Supreme Personality of Godhead. So we can just imagine the elevated position of someone like Aghāsura into whose body the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Kṛṣṇa, personally entered. Great sages, meditators and devotees constantly keep the form of the Lord within the heart, or they see the Deity form of the Lord in the temples; in that way, they become liberated from all material contamination and at the end of the body enter into the kingdom of God. This perfection is possible simply by keeping the form of the Lord within the mind. But in the case of Aghāsura, the Supreme Personality of Godhead personally entered. Aghāsura's position was therefore greater than the ordinary devotee's or the greatest yogi's.
Mahārāja Parīkṣit, who was engaged in hearing the transcendental pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa (who saved the life of Mahārāja Parīkṣit while he was in the womb of his mother), became more and more interested to hear about Him. And thus he questioned the sage Śukadeva Gosvāmī, who was reciting Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam before the King.
King Parīkṣit was a bit astonished to understand that the killing of the Aghāsura demon was not discussed for one year, until after the boys attained the paugaṇḍa age. Mahārāja Parīkṣit was very inquisitive to learn this, for he was sure that such an incident was due to the working of Kṛṣṇa's different energies.
Generally, the kṣatriyas or the administrative class are always busy with their political affairs, and they have very little chance to hear about the transcendental pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa. But while Parīkṣit Mahārāja was hearing these transcendental pastimes, he considered himself to be very fortunate because he was hearing from Śukadeva Gosvāmī, the greatest authority on the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. Thus being requested by Mahārāja Parīkṣit, Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued to speak about the transcendental pastimes of Lord Kṛṣṇa in the matter of His form, quality, fame and paraphernalia.
Om
Tat Sat
(Continued...)
(My humble salutations H H Swami Sri Prabhupada ji, Sri Krishnalilas
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